Skip to main content

Bootstrap

Overview​

Bootstrap is a CSS framework (with optional JavaScript plugins) that provides a responsive grid, typography, components (navbars, modals, cards), and utilities. It accelerates prototyping and admin UIs with a recognizable visual language—now in Bootstrap 5 without jQuery for most components.

Key concepts​

  • Grid system — 12-column layout with breakpoints (sm, md, lg, …).
  • Components — Pre-styled patterns with documented markup.
  • Utilities — Spacing, display, flex helpers (d-flex, mt-3, …).
  • Theming — Customize Sass variables before build.
  • Accessibility — Use semantic HTML; verify keyboard behavior on overlays.

Layout composition​

Sample: responsive navbar (trimmed)​

<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark">
  <div class="container-fluid">
    <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Brand</a>
    <button
      class="navbar-toggler"
      type="button"
      data-bs-toggle="collapse"
      data-bs-target="#nav"
    >
      <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
    </button>
    <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="nav">
      <ul class="navbar-nav">
        <li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link active" href="#">Home</a></li>
      </ul>
    </div>
  </div>
</nav>

References​